● Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma (ODG) are rare in pediatric age. They are generally parenchymatous in location.
● Only few cases of intraventricular oligodendrogliomas are reported which are observed in adults. Pediatric intraventricular oligodendroglioma is extremely rare.
● Radiologically, our pre-operative diagnosis was ependymoma. The patient underwent gross total resection of the tumor.
● Microscopic examination of specimen supported by IHC and chromosomal analysis accurately diagnosed the tumor as anaplastic ODG.
● The patient was treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. He had recurrence within 6 month.
Plain Language Summary 
Oligodendrogliomas (ODG) are rare in pediatric age unlike in adults. They arise from oligodendrocytes which are found in brain parenchyma hence they are typically found in those regions. Sometimes subependymal embryonic nest cells may differentiate and give rise to intraventricular ODGs which are extremely rare and only few case reports are present among adult population. Diagnosis is difficult preoperatively due to non-specific radiological features. With the advent of newer molecular and chromosomal analysis techniques, we are able to detect such tumors more accurately and formulate further plan of management. ODGs have good response to chemotherapy but anaplastic ODGs have poor prognosis and they tend to spread along CSF to spine.