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Iran J Neurosurg 2023, 9 - Continuous Publishing: 0-0 |
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Mousavi S R, Farrokhi M, Kalani N, Mosalanezhad T, Karimi F, Eilami O et al . Investigating Spine and Spinal Cord Complications of COVID-19. Iran J Neurosurg 2023; 9 : 21
URL: http://irjns.org/article-1-358-en.html
URL: http://irjns.org/article-1-358-en.html
Seyed Reza Mousavi1 
, Majidreza Farrokhi1 , Navid Kalani2 , Tina Mosalanezhad3 , Fatemeh Karimi4 , Owrang Eilami5 , Ali Kazeminezhad * 6
, Majidreza Farrokhi1 , Navid Kalani2 , Tina Mosalanezhad3 , Fatemeh Karimi4 , Owrang Eilami5 , Ali Kazeminezhad * 6
1- Department of Neurosurgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, AND Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
2- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Management Research Center, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom Iran
3- Medical Student, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
4- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran AND Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
5- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine HIV/AIDS Research Center, Research Institute for Health, Namazi Teaching Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
6- Department of Neurosurgery, Peymanieh Hospital, Trauma Research Center, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran , kazemimd@msn.com
2- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Management Research Center, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom Iran
3- Medical Student, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
4- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran AND Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
5- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine HIV/AIDS Research Center, Research Institute for Health, Namazi Teaching Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
6- Department of Neurosurgery, Peymanieh Hospital, Trauma Research Center, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran , kazemimd@msn.com
Abstract: (945 Views)
Background and Aim: SARS-COV-2 can present with pulmonary, renal, gastrointestinal, hematological, and neurological manifestations. Neurological manifestations may occur after or before COVID-19 symptoms and signs. Spine and spinal cord complications are documented as neurological complications of COVID-19. Spinal cord pathology following COVID-19 showed inflammatory myelopathy and suspected cord ischemia. The most frequent presentation of COVID-19 myelitis is non-enhancing central expansile cord T2 signal changes, but it can present with lateral and dorsal column-specific disease and in some cases with negative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). There is no known documented mechanism for spinal cord involvement in COVID-19 infection, but it seems as a post-infectious immunological and post-inflammatory disorder and reaction. Viral infection of SARS-CoV-2 can cause demyelination of the brain and spinal cord and also can exacerbate the known primary demyelinating disorders.
Methods and Materials/Patients: This is a narrative study about the spinal cord complications of COVID-19. To provide up-to-date information, we precisely reviewed COVID-19 articles on spine and spinal cord complications. Based on the keywords COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, spine, and spinal cord, all the related articles were taken from Google Scholar, PubMed, and Medline and were precisely studied.
Results: There are reported cases of COVID-19 spine and spinal cord involvement. There is no documented mechanism for these involvements but the possible mechanisms are direct invasion, cytokine storm, coagulopathy, and an autoimmune response. The routine therapy of such complications is the treatment of these complications with other primary causes with a poor and unsatisfactory response of myelopathy to treatment; however, early diagnosis and vigilance of such involvement improve outcome.
Conclusion: COVID-19 can cause spine and spinal cord complications in some patients without a known incidence rate of such complications. The pathogenesis is not completely known; therefore, more conclusive studies are obligatory to improve our information on COVID-19 spinal cord and spine complications.
Methods and Materials/Patients: This is a narrative study about the spinal cord complications of COVID-19. To provide up-to-date information, we precisely reviewed COVID-19 articles on spine and spinal cord complications. Based on the keywords COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, spine, and spinal cord, all the related articles were taken from Google Scholar, PubMed, and Medline and were precisely studied.
Results: There are reported cases of COVID-19 spine and spinal cord involvement. There is no documented mechanism for these involvements but the possible mechanisms are direct invasion, cytokine storm, coagulopathy, and an autoimmune response. The routine therapy of such complications is the treatment of these complications with other primary causes with a poor and unsatisfactory response of myelopathy to treatment; however, early diagnosis and vigilance of such involvement improve outcome.
Conclusion: COVID-19 can cause spine and spinal cord complications in some patients without a known incidence rate of such complications. The pathogenesis is not completely known; therefore, more conclusive studies are obligatory to improve our information on COVID-19 spinal cord and spine complications.
Article number: 21
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Articles Copyright © The Author(s).
Owned by Guilan University of Medical Sciences.
Co-published by Negah Institute for Scientific Communication.
Contact Information:
IrJNS Office, Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Poursina Hospital, Namjoo St, Rasht, Guilan, Iran.
Publisher Tel : +9821 45355555 , 45355000
Email: ir.journalofneurosurgery@gmail.com, info@irjns.org
Owned by Guilan University of Medical Sciences.
Co-published by Negah Institute for Scientific Communication.
Contact Information:
IrJNS Office, Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Poursina Hospital, Namjoo St, Rasht, Guilan, Iran.
Publisher Tel : +9821 45355555 , 45355000
Email: ir.journalofneurosurgery@gmail.com, info@irjns.org
